Італійська модель постмодернізму (на прикладі творчості Джорджіо Фалетті)

Анотація

Статтю присвячено розгляду життєво-творчого шляху відомого італійського письменника Джорджіо Фалетті, котрий успішно трансформував засади європейського постмодернізму в контекст національних традицій.

Відтворено специфіку італійського культурного простору, де протягом століття як література, так і інші види мистецтва пройшли складний та суперечливий шлях: від «веризму» Дж.Верги, «футуризму», «метафізичного живопису», «неореалізму» до «інтелектуального іронізму» Умберто Еко.

Проаналізовано засадничі принципи постмодернізму, в контексті яких літературна творчість Джорджіо Фалетті, з одного боку, наслідує вимоги європейського постмодернізму, а з іншого, позначена самобутністю італійського історико-культурного руху.

The article presents the vital and creative path of the famous Italian writer Giorgio Faletti, who successfully transformed the foundations of European postmodernism into the context of national traditions.

There has been reproduced the specifics of the Italian cultural space in the article, where for a century both literature and other forms of art went through complex and contradictory path: from the “verism” by J. Vergi, “futurism”, “metaphysical painting”, “neorealism” to “intellectual irony” by Umberto Eco.

There has been analyzed the fundamental principles of postmodernism, in the context of which Giorgio Faletti’s literary works, on the one hand, inherit the requirements of European postmodernism, and on the other hand, are marked by the originality of the Italian historical and cultural movement.

The topicality of the article is determined by the personality of G. Faletti, because of, on the one hand, which is interesting in itself, a prominent place he occupies in the European culture of the late XX – early XXI century, and on the other hand, his creative activity, the analysis of which, allows us to represent more fully the cultural processes which take place on the Italian territory. In the context of this topicality, the purpose of the article is to consider, first of all, the literary heritage by G. Faletti, which organically “fits” the developing trends of European “postmodernism” as an independent Italian model.

In our opinion, to perform an objective analysis of the creative heritage by G. Faletti with an emphasis on its literary component, it is necessary to make several research procedures, namely: 1) to determine the cornerstones of aesthetic and art criticism modification of postmodernism; 2) to reproduce the Italian artistic experience that was accumulated during the twentieth century and – in one way or another – influenced the formation of Faletti’s artistic tastes and creative orientation; 3) to show how the traditions of Italian literary creativity and the requirements of postmodern aesthetics intersect both in the writer’s worldview and in his professional techniques.

Today, it is well known that the logic of the development of European humanistics, starting from the mid-70s of the last century, has included a wide range of issues related to both the philosophical understanding of postmodernism and the definition of its influence on the fundamental changes that took place in the practice of developing – in fact – all types of art. As for the philosophical analysis and assessment of postmodernism, it was presented in the Ukrainian open spaces both in the philosophical discourse itself and in the aesthetic and art history.

Being based on the material we have reconstructed, it can be stated that postmodernism quite naturally began to establish itself in the Italian cultural space at first cautiously, and then more and more confidently. Now, this obliges us to present the literary works by G. Faletti holistically in the future, as well as not finally depleted analysis of aesthetic and art history factors that confirm him as a postmodern writer.